Recommended Papers

Here is a list of papers whose principles I expect to use when creating artifical intelligence. There are many omissions, but these are the most relevant to this portion of the project roadmap.

• Computing Machinery and Intelligence This Alan Turing’s 1950 paper in which the imitation game (a.k.a Turing Test) is presented. For Texai, the most relevant section is near the end of the paper where Turing proposes to build a ‘child’ mechanism capable of being taught, and to subsequently train it to achieve ‘adult’ capability.
• A Reference Model Architecture for Intelligent Systems Design (1993) This is a summary of James Albus’ hierarchical control system for a coupled community of agents. It was worked out mainly for robotics use cases but is generally applicable for organizing intelligent agents. The bootstrap stage of the Texai project roadmap culminates in a agent suitable for the higher level nodes of an Albus Hierarchical Control System.
• Intelligence Without Representation
  This is Rodney Brook’s argument against relying too much on abstraction, world modelling, and planning when specifiying the behavior of intelligent systems. Rather the sensations directly trigger the behaviors that may be appropriate.
• Using Expressive and Flexible Action Representations to Reason about Capabilities for Intelligent Agent Cooperation This is Gehard Wickler’s Ph.D. thesis in which Capability Description Language (CDL) is described. CDL will be used in Texai to describle and to apply skills.
• Double R Grammar This is a detailed discussion of Double R Grammar, whose functional and semantic focus is ideal for the needs of this project.
• A (very) Brief Introduction to Fluid Construction Grammar FCG is a reversible construction grammar with a very strong emphasis on semantics. This paper describes the original Lisp engine, which is the model for the Java FCG engine written by this project.
• Minimal Recursion Semantics: An Introduction Minimal recursion semantics (MRS) is a framework for computational semantics that is suitable for parsing and generation and that can be implemented in typed feature structure formalisms. This project will use these principles to represent quantifier scoping during parsing and generation.
• The Role Knowledge in Discourse Comprehension: A Construction-Integration Model This is Walter Kintsch’s cognitive theory for how spreading activation can prune alternative interpretations during discourse understanding. It also proposes the method whereby long term memory concepts elaborate discourse working memory concepts.
• Sphinx-4: A Flexible Open Source Framework for Speech Recognition Sphinx 4 is the Java version of the popular Sphinx automatic speech recognition engine. The flexibility of this implementation permits the integration of this project’s construction parser as a substitute for the default N-gram language model for large vocabularies.
• Creating Friendly AI: The Analysis and Design of Benevolent Goal Architectures This is Eliezer Yudkowsky’s first technical analysis of motivationally stable goal systems. This project will employ the described principles within the Albus hierarchical control architecture (i.e. Albus Network).
• An Introduction to the Syntax and Content of Cyc This paper describes the Cyc Knowledge Base and its open source form OpenCyc. This ontology provides the basis for the Texai Knowledge Base.
• KRAKEN: Knowledge- Rich Acquisition of Knowledge from Experts who are Non- logicians This is Cycorp’s proposal for the now-completed DARPA Rapid Knowledge Formation project. While at Cycorp I was the first manager of this effort. It describes the use of specialized rapid knowledge acquistion tools, that were subsequently developed by Cycorp and its subcontractors.
• Knowledge Acquisition Incorporating Interactive NL Understanding This paper describes the preliminary dialog system that Cycorp developed for the DARPA Rapid Knowledge Formation project in 2002. This project will have the same goal: rapid development of a knowledge base via dialog with domain expert users.
• Dialogue Management This paper describes the state of the art (2006) in Dialogue Management Systems.
• The Semantic Web Revisited This paper describes the Semantic Web and the role of RDF (Resource Description Framework) which is the format for knowledge stored in the Texai Knowledge Base.
• Mapping Ontologies into Cyc This paper describes the interactive dialog-based tools that help merge other ontologies into Cyc
• Semantic Annotation for Persistence This paper describes research leading to the first version of the RDF Entity Manager used to persist Java objects into the previous MySQL version of the Texai Knowledge Base
• Semantic Annotation for Persistence, the Reference Manual This document describes the curent version of the RDF Entity Manager used to persist Java objects into the Sesame 2 RDF store